2 Samuel 13:11

Authorized King James Version

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And when she had brought them unto him to eat, he took hold of her, and said unto her, Come lie with me, my sister.

Original Language Analysis

וַתַּגֵּ֥שׁ And when she had brought H5066
וַתַּגֵּ֥שׁ And when she had brought
Strong's: H5066
Word #: 1 of 11
to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causati
אֵלָ֖יו H413
אֵלָ֖יו
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 11
near, with or among; often in general, to
לֶֽאֱכֹ֑ל them unto him to eat H398
לֶֽאֱכֹ֑ל them unto him to eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 3 of 11
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וַיַּֽחֲזֶק he took hold H2388
וַיַּֽחֲזֶק he took hold
Strong's: H2388
Word #: 4 of 11
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
בָּהּ֙ H0
בָּהּ֙
Strong's: H0
Word #: 5 of 11
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר of her and said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר of her and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 6 of 11
to say (used with great latitude)
לָ֔הּ H0
לָ֔הּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 7 of 11
בּ֛וֹאִי unto her Come H935
בּ֛וֹאִי unto her Come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 8 of 11
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
שִׁכְבִ֥י lie H7901
שִׁכְבִ֥י lie
Strong's: H7901
Word #: 9 of 11
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
עִמִּ֖י H5973
עִמִּ֖י
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 10 of 11
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
אֲחוֹתִֽי׃ with me my sister H269
אֲחוֹתִֽי׃ with me my sister
Strong's: H269
Word #: 11 of 11
a sister (used very widely [like h0251], literally and figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

And when she had brought them unto him to eat, he took hold of her, and said unto her, Come lie with me, my sister.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Amnon and Tamar, emphasizing unresolved sin, family breakdown. Amnon's rape of Tamar and Absalom's revenge illustrate how unresolved sin metastasizes into family-wide dysfunction. David's failure to discipline Amnon (possibly from guilt over his own sexual sin) enabled further tragedy. Hebrew terminology emphasizes Tamar's desolation and Absalom's calculated hatred. The narrative demonstrates intergenerational sin consequences and the necessity of proper justice administration.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 13 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding unresolved sin, family breakdown provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Questions for Reflection

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